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中考英语重点单词短语用法总结

时间: 焯杰2 中考英语备考

  某人花钱买某物: sb spendsome money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sthcost sb . some money .

  ※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人, cost 主语是物。

  ※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?

  The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . =I_______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

  He spent lots of money ________ themobilephone .

  It ________ her 20 minutes to go homeeveryday . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

  . thanks for为…而感谢

  ⑴ ______inviting me to your birthday party .

  thanks to 多亏/由于

  ⑵______ your help.I got good grades .

  3 . 感叹句:多么… what + 名词

  how + 形容词 / 副词

  ⑴. ______ badweather !⑵. ______ hard he works !

  ⑶. ______ freshvegetables ! ⑷. ______ cuteamonkey it is !

  4 . 因为、由于: because( 连词 ) +从句: ( 表示原因 )

  because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to

  ⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

  He was late for class ______ the badweather.

  He can’t come _____ heisill .

  Many people have a cold _____ thecoldweather .

  ※because和 so不能同时连用 .

  5 . 来自: be from = come from

  ⑴ Where areyou from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

  ⑵ He is fromTibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

  6 . How often 对频率提问( 多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

  How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段时间的状语

  How soon 对将来时间提问 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+时间段

  How far 询问多长距离(多长)

  ⑴- ______ haveyou been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .

  ⑵- ______ do yougo shopping ? -Sometimes.

  ⑶ - ______will your father come back ? - In two years .

  ⑷- _____ do youexercise ? - Once a week .

  ⑸- _____ is itfrom your home to school ? - About ten miles .

  ⑹- _____ are youstaying there ? - Two weeks .

  7 . 乘交通工具: take a / the +交通工具在句中作谓语

  by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

  交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

  ⑴ He takes abus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes tobank on a bus .

  ⑵ I walk toschool . = I go to school ______ .

  ※骑自行车、马或驴用ride : ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey inone’s car

  8 . 对不起: Excuse me (劳驾,客套话)

  Sorry ( 表示道歉 )

  ⑴ ______.Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

  ⑵–Would you mindcleaning your room ? - ______ . I’ll do itrightaway .

  ⑶- Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

  ⑷ _____ , isthis the way to the station ?

  9 . 声音: sound ( 自然界各种声音 )

  noise(噪音)

  voice(悦耳的声音:嗓子)

  ⑴Lucy has a sweet______ . ⑵That ______ like agood idea .

  ⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

  10 . look like (外貌看起来像… )

  be like ( 性格像… )

  ⑴Lily _____ _____Lucy . Oh , they are twins .

  ⑵ Tony______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

  11 . take… to …带去

  bring…to …带来

  fetch 没有方向性(强调来回)

  ⑴ Tony .______ the ball here .Please .

  ⑵ My fatheroften ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .

  ⑶ ______your homework _____ school tomorrow .

  12. 一些: some 用于肯定句

  any 用于否定句和疑问句

  ⑴ I’d like ______ milk .

  ⑵–Would you like______ yogurt ?

  _ Thanks . I don’t want______ .

  ※在一般疑问句中,认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到对方肯定回答时,也用some .

  13. 多少: How many修饰可数名词复数

  How much 修饰不可数名词

  ⑴ ______juice do you want ? ⑵ ______apples doyou want ?

  ⑶- ______is theT-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan .

  ※ How much可对价钱提问:How much are the potatoes ?

  14.看 :see 强调看的结果

  look ( at ) 不及物动词,强调看的动作

  watch 观看:比赛、电视、表演、电影

  read 读,朗读:看书、看报、看信、看杂志

  ⑴Don’t______ in bed .

  ⑵ We will______ a basketball game this evening .

  ⑶ Please ______the blackboard . Everyone .

  ⑷ I ______ abird in the tree yesterday .

  ※On Saturdaynight . I saw an interesting talk show .

  On Saturday evening . several kidswatcheda movie . watch a movie =go to a movie

  15. stop doingsth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking.

  stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

  ⑴ The girlsoon stopped ______ (cry ) . ⑵ Hewastired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .

  16. forget /remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作:

  △forget /remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ Heforgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post officeafter school .

  forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作:

  △forget /remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ Heforgot turningoff the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you rememberseeing the man before ?

  17. 到达… reach + 地点

  get to + 地点 reach = get to

  arrive + in + 大地点

  arrive + at + 小地点

  ⑴ He reachedLondon yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . =He ______ in Londonyesterday .

  ⑵ Shearrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ Youshould______ ( get ) home on time .

  ※当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时,都不加介词。如:get home get there 省略 to

  18. 擅长,在…方面做得好: be good at = do well in .

  ⑴ She isgood at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .

  ⑵ Niuniu isgood at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in______ the violin .

  ⑶ Lucy andLily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing thanLily .but Lily ___________ in singing than Lucy .

  19. win (赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

  beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。

  ⑴ Which team______ the football match ?

  ⑵ Wang Hao______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles .

  20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb .sth 向某人借某物→borrow借入

  lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

  keep延续性动词 ,与一段时间连用。

  ⑴ Can youlend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

  ⑵ You canborrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrowyourbrother ____ ____.

  ⑶ - How longcan I ______ the book ?

  - You can _____ it for two weeks .

  ※类似用法的还有:buy — have put on — wear become — be

  leave — be away from open — be openbegin — be on

  die — be deadreturn — be back

  ① become Hehas ______ a doctor .

  He has ______ a doctor for 10 years .

  ② begin Thefilm has ______ .

  The film has _________ for ten minutes .

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