高考英语语法基础强化练习及答案
答案：By by contrast“相比之下”。句意：大部分人工作是因为它是无法逃避的。而相比之下，有些人工作是因为的确享受工作。
2.(2015·浙江，17改编)These comments came ________response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
答案：in in response to“回应”。句意：这些评论出现是为了回应那些当地新闻记者经常问到的具体问题。
3.(2015·湖北，30改编)This meeting room is a nonsmoking area. I would like to warn you ________advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.
答案：in in advance提前。句意：会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你：如果你在这儿吸烟的话。你会被罚款的。
4.(2015·重庆，10改编)Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ______ the average.
答案：above above the average在一般水平以上。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均气温高0.68℃。
5.(2015·福建，22改编)A common memory they all have ________ their school days is the school uniform.
答案：of they all have ________ their school days为memory的定语，可还原成have a memory of结构，意为“有……的回忆”。句意：他们对学校生活的共有回忆是校服。拓展：I have a vivid memory of her face.她的容貌栩栩如生地印在我脑海里。
6.(2015·福建，32改编)Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live ________harmony with nature.
答案：in in harmony with与……和谐共处。句意：人的生命被看作是自然界的一部分;就这点而论，我们要存活下来的唯一方式就是与大自然和谐共处。
7.(2014·课标全国Ⅱ，改编)He reported the case ________ the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city.
答案：to 句意为：他向警察报告了这个事件，然后孤独迷茫地坐在一个陌生的城市里。report...to...为固定搭配，意为“向……报告……”。
8.(2014·福建，22改编)Our club is open to everyone regardless______age，sex or educational background.
答案：of 句意为：我们的俱乐部向每个人开放，不管你的年龄、性别或教育背景。regardless of意为“不管;不顾”，为固定搭配。
9.(2014·天津，6改编)In addition ______the school，the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support.
答案：to 句意为：除了学校之外，村子里还有一家诊所，它也是在政府的支持下建起来的。根据下文关键词also可知，学校也是政府开办的，故填to，in addition to意为“除了……之外(还)”。
10.(2014·浙江，10改编)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything______ return.
答案：in 句意为：当詹姆斯呆在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他有的所有东西与村民分享，不求任何回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly可知他这样做不图回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。
11.(2015·福建闽清联考改编) The children dressed ______ long wool coats stopped to look at us.
答案：in 句意为：穿着长羊毛外套的孩子们停下来看着我们。be dressed in意为“穿着……”，为固定搭配。
12.(2015·福建厦门双十中学检测改编)The desire for selfimprovement has led many Chinese students to pursue educational opportunities ________ physical classrooms.
答案：beyond 句意为：自我完善的愿望促使许多中国学生去追求超越实体课堂教育的机会。beyond意为“超出……”。
13.(2015·山东菏泽联考改编)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.
答案：in 句意为：由于有了这项新的科技，水下的山谷可以被拍成彩色照片。in color意为“彩色的”，符合句意。
14.(2015·江苏南通中学改编)She works well with those who are superior ________ her in the company.
答案：to 句意为：她与公司那些职务高于她的人相处得很好。be superior to意为“优于……;高于……”，为固定短语。
15.(2015·江苏盐城调研改编)________ the Hong Kong singer's current popularity, she was largely unknown in Chinese mainland before the talent show.
答案：Despite 句意为：虽然这个香港歌手现在很受欢迎，但是在才艺秀之前她在内地还不为人知。despite意为“虽然”，符合句意。
16.(2015·北京东城联考改编)I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it.
答案：with 句意为：我与布朗先生有约，但我需要改一下。have anappointment with sb.意为“与某人有约”，为固定短语。
17.(2015·陕西西安联考改编)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner.
答案：to 句意为：所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待，招待某人享用……”，是固定短语。
18.(2015·浙江名校联考改编)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know.
答案：against 句意为：无论如何，对于这件事我不能说谎，你知道这违背了我的原则。against意为“反对;违反”，符合句意。
19.(2015·江苏，34改编)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but ________ Thomas Edison.
答案：for 考查介词短语。句意：要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。由would可以看出本句用了虚拟语气，but for“要不是”可以引出含蓄虚拟条件句。
20.(2015·湖北八校联考改编)In every classroom stands a bookshelf on which are various magazines and reference books, making reading materials more accessible ________ the students.
答案：to 句意为：每个教室都有一个书架，上面摆着各种杂志和参考书，这使得学生查阅资料更容易。be accessible to为固定搭配，意为“易得到的，易使用的”。
二、单句改错
1.(2015·新课标Ⅰ)Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.
答案：on改为with with the development of...随着……的发展。
2.(2015·新课标Ⅱ)Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
答案：on改为in Tony看到橱窗里有一个玩具，故用in。
3.(2014·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)Nearly five years ago，and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.
答案：by改为of 句意为：大约五年前，在父亲的帮助下，我和姐姐在后花园种植了一些圣女果。with the help of sb.为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故将by改为of。
4.(2013·课标全国Ⅰ，改编)He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years.
答案：toward改为to或into turn from...to/into...从……变成……。
5.(2013·课标全国Ⅱ，改编)Interestingly, it had a connection by the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.
答案：by改为with或so connection后接with或to表示“关联，连接”。
三、语法填空
It was so nice an afternoon that I decided to go for a walk __1__ my new boots—the ones I'd seen advertised on TV __2__“the world's best boots”. Well, __3__ theory, yes, they were very comfortable boots but I soon found that in fact they gave me blisters. In general, I do enjoy walking, but at that moment what I wanted was rest and refreshment; in other words, I needed to sit down, have a drink and go home __4__ bus. The last bus home was in half an hour and I was far __5__ the bus stop so I would have to get there __6__ a hurry. At last I got to the bus stop just in time __7__ a drink at a pub before the bus came. I limped to the bus stop in the hope __8__ getting on the bus. But I was out of luck because the bus was full up—not even standing room! I knew I'd never make it home on foot and I was __9__ the point of returning to the pub to drown my sorrows when another bus came round the corner, completely empty. I got on, sat by myself at the back and started to feel __10__ peace with the world again as I took off my boots!
1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
文章大意：作者介绍了自己穿着一双电视广告中所谓的“世界上最好的靴子”散步的尴尬经历。
1.in 表示“穿着”，用介词in。
2.as 表示“作为”，用介词as。
3.in in theory意为“在理论上”，为固定搭配。
4.by 表示交通方式时，交通工具前没有冠词，用by。by bus意为“乘坐公共汽车”。
5.from far from意为“远离”。
6.in in a hurry为固定用法，意为“匆忙地”。
7.for in time for...为固定搭配，意为“正好赶上……”。
8.of in the hope of为固定搭配，意为“带着……的希望”。
9.on on the point of doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“正要做某事”。
10.at at peace为固定搭配，意为“心平气和”。
四、短文改错
(2015·山西省第二次四校联考)
Dear Sir or Madam，
I've learned from the newspaper that your company is looking a receptionist. I'm very interesting in the job and I'd like to apply to the position.
First of all, allow me to introduce myself. I have just graduated from senior high school. I want to find out a parttime job in the summer. I'm 18 years old and have good knowledge of English, especial in terms of speaking and listening. In fact, I win the first prize in the English speech competition hold in our school last year. Besides, I'm quite easygoing but therefore very popular among my classmates.
I sincerely hope you can give us a chance. I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
答案：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I've learned from the newspaper that your company is looking a receptionist. I'm very in the job and I'd like to apply the position.
First of all, allow me to introduce myself. I have just graduated from senior high school. I want to find out a parttime job in the summer. I'm 18 years old and have good knowledge of English, in terms of speaking and listening. In fact, I the first prize in the English speech competition in our school last year. Besides, I'm quite easygoing therefore very popular among my classmates.
I sincerely hope you can give a chance. I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
解析：
第一处：looking后加for look for寻找。
第二处：interesting→interested 考查形容词。be interested in对……感兴趣。
第三处：apply to的to改为for 考查介词。apply for申请。
第四处：去掉out 考查介词。find找到;find out查明，弄清楚。
第五处：good前加a 考查冠词。a good knowledge of English一门好的英语知识。
第六处：especial→especially 考查形容词与副词。修饰介词短语用副词。
第七处：win→won 考查时态。由全文时态可知。
第八处：hold→held 考查非谓语动词。competition与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
第九处：but→and 考查连词。前后句是顺承关系，所以用and而非表转折关系的but。
第十处：us→me 考查代词。我希望你能给我一个机会。