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常用的前缀和后缀

时间: 未知2 语法
  1.常用前缀
  aero?:concerning the air or aircraft
  plane( 飞机)—aeroplane(飞机)
  space(空间, 间隔)—aerospace(航空宇宙)
  anti?: against;opposite of
  nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)
  matter( 物质)—antimatter(反物质)
  war(战争、作战、 打仗)—antiwar(反战的, 反对战争的)
  auto?: of or by oneself
  biography(传记)—autobiography(自传)
  criticism(批评, 批判)—autocriticism(自我反省, 自我检讨)
  be?:to treat as the stated thing
  friend(朋友, 助手)—befriend(待人如友, 帮助)
  little(很少的, 矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视, 使渺小, 使...显得渺小)
  bi?: two;twice;double
  lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)
  cycle( 自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车, 自行车)
  bio?:concerning living things
  chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)
  sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈)
  by—:less important
  product(产品, 产物,)—by-product(副产品, 附加产物)
  way(路,道路)—byway(小道)
  centi?: hundredth part
  grade(等级)—centigrade(分为百度的, 百分度的, 摄氏温度的)
  meter(米)—centimeter(厘米)
  co?: together, with
  author(作家, 创造者)—coauthor(合著者, 共同执笔者,合著)
  exist(存在, 生存)—coexist(共存)
  col?:(used before l) together, with
  location(位置, 场所)—collocation(排列, 配置)
  com?:(used before b, m, p)together, with
  passion(激情, 热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)
  con?:together, with
  centric(中心的, 中央的)—concentric(同中心的)
  federation(同盟, 联邦, 联合, 联盟)—confederation(联邦)
  contra?:opposite
  diction(措辞, 用语, 言语)—contradiction(反驳, 矛盾)
  natural(自然的, 自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的)
  cor?:(used before r) together, with
  relate(叙述, 讲, 使联系, 发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和...相关)
  respond(回答, 响应, 作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合, 协调, 通信, 相当, 相应)
  counter?:opposite
  act(担当,表现, 见效)—counteract(抵消, 中和, 阻碍)
  attack(攻击)—counterattck(反引力)
  cross?:across;going between the stated things and joining them
  country(乡下的, 乡村的, [方]祖国的, 故乡的)—cross?country(越野的, 横过田野的)
  breed((使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养,品种, 种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配, 培育杂种, (使)杂交)
  de?:showing an opposite; to remove; to reduce
  code(代码, 密码)—decode(解码, 译解)
  value(评价, 重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值, 贬值)
  dis?:not; the opposite of
  advantage(优势, 有利条件)—disadvantage(不利, 不利条件, 缺点, 劣势)
  agree(同意) —disagree(不一致, 不适宜)
  honest(诚实的, 正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的)
  em?:(used before b,m, p) to cause to become
  body(赋以形体)—embody(具体表达, 使具体化)
  power(权力,激励)—empower(授权与, 使能够)
  en?:to cause to become; to make
  danger( 威胁)—endanger(危及)
  large(大的, 巨大的)—enlarge(扩大, 放大)
  ex?:former(and still living)
  minister(部长, 大臣)—ex?minister (前部长)
  wife(妻子)—ex?wife(前妻)
  extra?:outside;beyond
  curricular(课程的)—extracurricular(课外的, 业余的)
  ordinary(平常的, 普通的, 平凡的)—extraordinary(非常的, 特别的, 非凡的)
  fore?:in advance, before; in or at the front
  arm(臂,武器, 装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗, 预先武装, 准备)
  warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告)
  il?:(used before l) not
  legal(法律的, 合法)—illegal(违法的, 不合规定的)
  literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate(违法的, 不合规定的)
  im?:(used before b,m,p)not
  moral(道德(上)的, 精神的,道德)—immoral(不道德的, 邪恶的, 放荡的, 淫荡的)
  possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)
  in?:not
  direct(径直的, 直接的)—indirect(间接的, 迂回的)
  sensitive(敏感的, 灵敏的)—insensitive(对...没有感觉的, 感觉迟钝的)
  infra?:below in a range; beyond
  red(红(色)的)—infrared(红外线的,红外线)
  structure(结构,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造, 基础下部组织)
  inter?:between;among
  change(改变, 变化)—interchange((指两人等)交换,相互交换)
  national(国家的, 民族的)—international(国际的, 世界的,国际性组织, 国际比赛)
  intra?:inside, within;into
  city(城市, 都市)—intracity(市内的)
  department(部, 局, 处, 科, 部门, 系, 学部)—intra?department(内部)
  ir?:(used before r)not
  regular(规则的, 有秩序的)—irregular(不规则的, 无规律的)
  responsible(有责任的, 可靠的)—irresponsible(不负责任的, 不可靠的)
  kilo?:thousand
  gram(克,)—kilogram([物]千克, 公斤)
  meter(米)—kilometer(公里)
  macro?:large, esp.concerning a whole system rather than particular parts of
  particular parts of
  economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学)
  structure(宏观结构)—macrostructure(宏观结构)
  mal?:bad or badly
  function(官能, 功能, 作用)—malfunction(故障)
  treat(宴请, 款待)—maltreat(虐待, 滥用)
  micro?:extremely small
  computer(计算机, 电脑)—microcomputer(微进化)
  electronics(电子学)—microelectronics([电子]微电子学)
  mid?:middle
  day(天, 白天)—midday(正午)
  night(夜, 夜晚)—midnight(午夜)
  mini?:small;short
  bus(公共汽车)—minibus( 小型公共汽车)
  skirt(裙子)—miniskirt
  (迷你短裙, 超短裙)
  mis?:bad or badly;wrong or wrongly
  fortune( 运气, 好运)—misfortune(不幸, 灾祸)
  understand(懂, 了解)—misunderstand(误解, 误会)
  mono?:one;single
  plane( 飞机)—monoplane(单翼机)
  tone(音调, 语调)—monotone(单调的,单调)
  multi?:more than one;many
  purpose(目的, 意图)—multipurpose(多种用途的, 多目标的)
  national(国家的, 国立[有]的, 民族的)—multinational( 多民族的,)
  non?:not
  resident—non(?)resident
  sense 理性, 认识—nonsense(胡说, 废话)
  out?:outside;eyond
  live(活的, 生动的)—outlive(比...长命, 比...耐久)
  door(门, 通道, 家, 户)—outdoor(室外的, 户外的, 野外的)
  over?:too much;above; additional
  head(头,头的, 主要的)—overhead(在头上的,在头顶上, 在空中, 在高处)
  time(时间, 时侯, 时机, )—overtime(超时, 加班, 延长时间,超时的, 加班的,加班地,使超时)
  poly?:many
  centric(中心的, 中央的)—polycentric(多中心的)
  syllabic([语] 音节主音,音节的)—polysyllabic(多音节的)
  post?:later than;after
  graduate((大学)毕业生, 研究生,(使)(大学)毕业)—postgraduate(研究所学生, 研究生,毕业后的)
  war(战争,作战, 打仗)—postwar(战后的)
  pre?:before;in advance
  pay(薪水, 工资,支付)—prepay(预付)
  war(战争,作战, 打仗)—prewar(战前的,在战前)
  pro?:in favor of, supporting
  America(<美>美国, 美洲(包括北美和南美洲))—pro?America
  abortion—pro?abortion(流产, 堕胎, 失败, 夭折, 中止, 早产)
  pseudo?:not real;false
  name( 姓名)—pseudonym(假名, 笔名)
  science(科学, 自然科学)—pseudoscience(假科学, 伪科学)
  re?:again;back to the former state
  unite(联合, 团结)—reunite((使)再结合)
  use(使用)—reuse(再使用,重新使用)
  self?:by means of oneself or itself;of, to, with, for, or in oneself or itself
  employed(雇用, 用, 使用)—self?employed
  taught(teach的过去式和过去分词)—self?taught
  semi?:half;partly
  circle(圆周, 圆形物)—semicircle(半圆形)
  final( 决赛)—semifinal(半决赛)
  step?:not by birth but through a parent who has remarried
  mother(母亲, 妈妈)—stepmother(继母)
  children(孩子, 孩子们)—stepchildren(继子,继女)
  sub?:under,below;less imortant;part of the stated bigger whole
  divide(分, 划分, 分开, 隔开)—subdivide(再分, 细分)
  section(部分)—subsection(分部, 分段)
  super?:more, larger, greater than usual
  market(市场)—supermarket(超级市场)
  natural(自然的, 自然界的, 普通的, 正常的)—supernatural(超自然的, 神奇的,超自然物, 不可思议的事)
  tele?:at or over a long distance;by or for television communication—telecommunication
  screen(屏, 银幕)—telescreen(电视屏幕,荧光屏)
  therm(o)?:concerning heat
  chemistry(化学)—thermochemistry(热化学)
  meter( 计, 表)—thermometer(温度计, 体温计)
  trans?:across, on or to the other side of; between
  Atlantic(大西洋)—transatlantic(大西洋彼岸的)
  plant(种植, 栽培, 培养)—transplant(移植, 移种)
  tri?:three;three times
  angular(有角的)—triangular(三角形的)
  cycle( 自行车)—tricycle(三轮车, 机器三轮车)
  ultra?:beyond;very, extremely
  modern(近代的, 现代的)—ultramodern(超现代化的)
  sound(声音, 语音)—ultrasound(超频率音响)
  un?:not
  certain(确定的, 必然的, 可靠的)—uncertain(无常的, 不确定的, 不可预测的, 靠不住的)
  fortunate(幸运的, 幸福的)—unfortunate(不幸的, 使人遗憾的)
  under?:too little;below
  develop(发展,显影)—underdevelop((使)发展不完全, (使)显影不足)
  sea(海洋, 大浪)—undersea(海面下的)
  uni?:one;single
  form( 形态, 构成)—uniform(统一的, 相同的)
  directional(方向的)—unidirectional(单向的, 单向性的)
  vice?:next in the rank;below
  chairman(主席, 会长)—vice?chairman(副主席, 副议长)
  president(总统, 会长, 行长)—vice?president(副总督, 副)
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