英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案讲解

　　The senior West German scientist in charge of the Community’s solar energy programme, Mr.Joachim Gretz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikelythat solar energy would provide as much as three per cent of the Community’s energyrequirements even after the year 2000. But hesaid that with a modest increase in the presentsums, devoted by the EEC to this work it was possible thatthe breakthrough could beachieved by the end of the next decade.

　　Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three per cent of the EEC’s needs, thiscould still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energyeach year. And he believes that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology inthis field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community’s future energyneeds.

　　At present the EEC spends about $2.6 millions a year on solar research at Ispra, one of theEEC’s official joint research centres, and another $3 millions a year in indirect research withuniversities and other independent bodies.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. The phrase "be brought forward" (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably means "______".

　　A. be expected

　　B. be completed

　　C. be advanced

　　D. be introduced

　　2. Some scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar energy depends on______.

　　A. sufficient funding

　　B. further experiments

　　C. advanced technology

　　D. well-equipped laboratories

　　3. According to Mr. Gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists toprovide _____.

　　A. more than 3% of the EEC’s needs after the year 2000

　　B. only 3% of the EEC’s needs before the year 2000

　　C. less than 3% of the EEC’s needs before the year 2000

　　D. 3% of the EEC’s needs after the year 2000

　　4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ?

　　A. The EEC spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year.

　　B. At the present level of research spending, it is difficult to make any significant progress in theprovision of energy from the sun.

　　C. The desired breakthrough could be obtained by the end of the next decade if investmentwere increased.

　　D. The total yearly spending of the EEC on solar energy research amounted to almost 6 million.

　　5. The application of advanced technology to research in solar energy ______.

　　A. would lead to a big increase in research funding

　　B. would make it unnecessary to import oil

　　C. would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the EEC

　　D. would provide a much greater proportion of the Community’s future energy needs

　　1.[C] 本题可以采用排除法。A项“期望(突破)”不合逻辑;B项complete不能跟breakthrough搭配;D项“引出(突 破)”句义不通。故只能选C。

　　2. [A] 由文章第1、2段可知，只要稍微增加科研经费，在利用太阳能方面可能再过10年便可获得突破，故A正确。B、 D两项并未在文中提及;第3段提到，如果采用先进的技术,可能在未来能满足欧共体更大的能源需求，但这并非获得突破的条件，故排除C。

　　3. [C] 第2段首句提到，如果科研经费保持目前的水平，即使到2000年太阳能也不可能供应欧共体所需能源的3%，C与之相符。

　　4.[A] 根据第3段第1句可知，10亿英镑是在太阳能提供给EEC所需能源的3%这一前提下，每年可在能源进口省下来的钱，故A表述错误。本题也可以采用排除法：B、C两项的内容出现在了第2段;D出现在第4段中，均可排除。

　　5. [D] 根据第3段第2句可知，利用先进的技术能更大地满足欧共体未来的能源需求，故选D。

　　Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.

　　Before the nineteen century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between.Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he wasreluctant to go to sea to further his work.

　　For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelersor others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions aboutit, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question “What is at thebottom of the oceans?” had tobe answered with any commercial consequence was when thelaying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The had to know the depthprofile(起伏形状)of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.mote,and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living fromthe sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask whatlaybeneath the surface. The first time that question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had tobe answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable fromEurope to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile(起伏形状)of theroute to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.

　　It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, forinformation on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyagesduring which soundings(测身) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic andPacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book ThePhysical Geography of the Sea.

　　The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. Atthe early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to becovered in living growths, afact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was nolife in the deeper parts of the sea.

　　Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientificexpedition(考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples fromthe sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographicstudies take on ______.

　　A. an academic aspect

　　B. a military aspect

　　C. a business aspect

　　D. an international aspect

　　2. It was ______ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.

　　A. the American Navy

　　B. some early intercontinental travelers

　　C. those who earned a living from the sea

　　D. the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable

　　3. The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was ______.

　　A. to make some sounding experiments in the oceans

　　B. to collect samples of sea plants and animals

　　C. to estimate the length of cable that was needed

　　D. to measure the depths of the two oceans

　　4. “Defied” in the 5th paragraph probably means “______”.

　　A. doubted

　　B. gave proof to

　　C. challenged

　　D. agreed to

　　5. This passage is mainly about ______.

　　A. the beginnings of oceanography

　　B. the laying of the first undersea cable

　　C. the investigation of ocean depths

　　D. the early intercontinental communications

　　1.[C] 亊实判断题。文章第3段第2句提到，这个问題的解答是具有商业结果的。C中的business为原文中commercial 同义改写，故选C。

　　2.[D] 细节题。文章第4段首句为一个强调句，强调的是宾语。题干也是一个强调句型，但强调的是主语。如果把原文的强调句型改为一般的句型，就知道向Maury寻求帮助的是the Atlantic Telegraph Company.故答案为D。A是Maury的工作单位，可以排除;原文只提到对于一些早期的穿越洲际的旅行家和依靠海洋维持生计的人，海洋并不遥远，故B、C与题意不符。

　　3.[D] 亊实判断题。文章第4段提到，19世纪40年代，Maury负责推动进行测深工作的海上航行，以此来探测北大西洋与太平洋的深度.故选D。

　　4.[C] 词义推断题。当时的科学观点是海洋较深的地方不存在生命，而事实上在电缆表面发现了活的生物.由此可知这一亊实对当时的科学观点提出质疑，故答案为C。

　　5.[A] 主旨题。通读全文可知，oceanography(海洋学)是全文的中心词，本文主要讲述海洋学是如何起步的，故答案为A 。B、C只表述了原文中个別细节，并非主题;D跟全文无关。