英语四级阅读模拟训练附答案
We know that even single exposures to these chemicals, if the amount is large enough, cancause extremely severe poisoning. But this is not the major problem. The sudden illness ordeath of farmers, farmworkers, and others exposed to sufficient quantities of pesticides isvery sad and should not occur. For the population as a whole, we must be more concernedwith the delayed effects of absorbing small amounts of the pesticides that invisibly pollute ourworld.
Responsible public health officials have pointed out that the biological effects of chemicals arecumulative over long periods of time, and that the danger to individual may depend on thesum of the exposures received throughout his lifetime. For these very reasons the danger iseasily ignored. It is human nature to shake off what may seem to us a threat of futuredisaster. "Men are naturally most impressed by diseases which have obvious signs, " says awise physician, Dr Rene Dubos, "yet some of their worst enemies slowly approach themunnoticed."
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Man…is part of nature" (Para. 1, Lines 3-4)?
A. Man appears indifferent to what happens in nature.
B. Man acts as if he does not belong to nature.
C. Man can avoid the effects of environmental pollution.
D. Man can escape his responsibilities for environmental effects of pesticides?
2. What is the author"s attitude toward the environmental effects of pesticides?
A. Pessimistic
B. Indifferent
C. Defensive
D. Concerned
3. In the author"s view, the sudden death caused by exposure to large amounts ofpesticides _____.
A. is not the worst of the negative consequences resulting from the use of pesticides
B. now occurs most frequently among all accidental deaths
C. has sharply increased so as to become the center of public attention
D. is unavoidable because people can"t do without pesticides in farming
4. People tend to ignore the delayed effects of exposure to chemical because _____.
A. limited exposure to them does little harm to people"s health
B. the present is more important for them than the future
C. the danger does not become apparent immediately
D. humans are capable of withstanding small amounts of poisoning
5. It can be concluded from Dr. Dubos remarks that _____.
A. people find invisible diseases difficult to deal with
B. attacks by hidden enemies tend to be fatal
C. diseases with obvious signs are easy to cure
D. people tend to overlook hidden dangers caused by pesticides
1.[B] 题干的句子是文章第1段第3句，这是一个带有插入语的简单句，contrary在此表示跟part of nature相反，因此答案为B。
2.[D] 第2段最后一句提到，我们必须更加关注吸收少量杀虫剂的潜在后果，它们正在不知不觉地污染我们的世界。因此，作者对杀虫剂对环境的影响关注且担忧,D符合题意。
3.[A] 第2段第2句提到，杀虫剂使人突然发病或者死亡是很令人难过的亊，对于人口整体来说，人类对杀虫剂长期累计的潜在后果的认识不足，才是最严重的问题，故选A。
4.[C] 根据第3段倒数第2句说的“对未来的灾难无动于衷是人的本性”以及最后一句说的"大多数人只对有明显迹象的疾病予以关注”可知C正是人们忽视化学药物的潜在危害的原因，故选C。
5.[D] Dubos博士话中“最可怕的敌人”指的是“杀虫剂引起的潜在危险”，博士话中的slowly approach themunnoticed直接表明D正确。
Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of humancreativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart fora metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the futurehad arrived. It hadn’t. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects onthe 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S.Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger livesthan to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.
The recall may hurt Symbion Inc., maker of the Jarvik-7, but it won’t end the request for anartificial heart. One problem with the banned mode is that the tubes connecting it to anexternal power source createda passage for infection. Inventors are now working on newdevices that would be fully placed, along with atiny power pack, in the patient’s chest. The firstsample products aren’t expected for another 10 or 20 years. But some people are alreadyworrying that they’ll work—and that America’s overextended health—care programs will lose aprecious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. Ifsuch expenditures (开支) cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be adecline in the nation’s health.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. According to the passage, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart proved to be _____.
A. a technical failure
B. a technical wonder
C. a good life-saver
D. an effective means to treat heart disease
2. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc. _____.
A. has been banned by the government from producing artificial hearts
B. will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new models
C. may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial hearts
D. can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 10 to 20 years
3. The new models of artificial hearts are expected ______.
A. to have a working life of 10 or 20 years
B. to be set fully in the patient's chest
C. to be equipped with an external power source
D. to create a new passage for infection
4. The word "them" in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to _____.
A. doctors who treat heart diseases
B. makers of artificial hearts
C. America's health-care programs
D. New model of artificial hearts
5. Some people feel that ______.
A. artificial hearts are seldom effective
B. the country should not spend so much money on artificial hearts
C. the country is not spending enough money on artificial hearts
D. America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health
1.[A] 文章一开头说Jarvik-7以前被认为是一大技术成就，但文章第1段倒数第2句中提到,美国食品与药品管理局得出结论,认为这种仪器与其说是挽救生命,不如说是将生命置于更加危险的境地。由此可知Jarvik-7是一个技术失败,故选A。
2.[C] 文章第2段第1句提到，要求生产人造心脏的Symbion公司召回其销售的人造心脏，这对该公来说或许是一种损失，但这一禁令不会终结人们对人造心脏的需求。从这一句可推断出应选C。原文只提到政府禁止Jarvik-7这种型号的人造心脏，A把范围扩大到了所有的人造心脏;B在原文中并未提及;D说的对象不是Symbion公司，也可排除。
3.[B] 文章中第2段第3句提到，这种新仪器可以完全置于患者的胸腔内，B与之相符，故选B。A在文中并未提及;C、D说的对象是Jarvik-7，故也排除。
4.[D] 从句子意思看，“向为数不多的瀕危病人提供” 的显然是上一句中的sample products，即可与电源组一并植于人体内的new devices，故选D。
5.[B] 第2段倒数第2句But some people are already worrying…这句话体现了有些人已经在担心，为为数不多的垂危病人动用巨额资金购置新型的人造心脏是否合算，而由该段最后一句可以看出作者认为这样的做法是不明智的，因此B是答案。