大学英语四六级翻译语法重点强化(2)
汉译英练习(二)
Ⅳ、虚拟语气
(一)非真实句的虚拟
基本形式(主要考与过去和现在将来相反的虚拟语气),特别注意时间状语(混合时间虚
拟)
(1)The victim _______________________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been
taken to hospital in time.
(2)If I hadn’t _______________________ (警告你，你就可能丧命了).
(3)If _______________________ (如果我是你), I shouldn’t be worried.
(4)If you ________________ (在那里住上一段时间，你就会改变对那地方的看法了).
(5)If I _______________________ (昨天跟他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了).
(6)If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____________
_______________ (你就不可能像现在这么笑了).
在非真实条件句中如果有were, had, should这三个词，可以省去if，采用主谓语倒装的形
式来表示条件
(7)Were you in my place, _______________________ (你也会这样干的).
(8)Had it not been for their opposition, _________________ (这项法案早就通过了).
(9)Should there be another war, ____________________ (人类的生存就会有
危险).
otherwise(要不然，否则), but for(若不是，若非)经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语
(10)But for his help, _________________ (我们就不会以这么低的价格租到房子了).
(11)Mary couldn’t have received my letter, _____________(否则她上周就该回
信了).
wish/if only(但愿，真希望，要是…就太好了)
(12)If only I _______________________ (能通过大学英语四级考试)!
(13)Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ___________________(听你的).
(14)Sometimes I wish I _____________________ (生活在一个不同的时间和空间).
(15)Jack wishes that ______________________ (他在大学学的是商务而不是历史).
(二)would rather, It’s (about/high) time(该是…的时候了), as if / as though后引导的从
句虚拟
(16)I would rather _________________________ (你明天来).
(17)Hugh usually talks _________________________ (仿佛他是老板似的).
(18)It’s (high) time that something ______________ (采取措施解决交通堵塞的问题).
(三) (should)+动词原形(一般式/被动式/否定式)
信号词：表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词和名词.....;带有感情色彩的形容词...;连词..lest
(19)The professor required that _______________________ (我们交研究报告).
(20)We insist that _______________________ (让杰克立刻进医院).
(21)We are going to discuss his suggestion that ________________ (取消期中考试).
(22)It is ridiculous that __________________ (我们在一个总是下雨的国家还缺水).
(23)It is absolutely unfair that these children ____________________ (被剥夺了受
教育的权利).
(24)It is essential that ______________________ (每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).
(25)It is a shame that _____________________ (他竟然欺骗了那个可怜的小女孩)!
(26)He walked lightly _______________________ (以免惊醒婴儿).
(27)Take your raincoat _______________________ (以防下雨).
Ⅴ、情态动词
(1)Some psychologists claim that people ___________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤单).
(2)The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. ________________(她一定不在家).
(3)You screamed in your sleep last night. __________(你一定梦见什么可怕的东西了).
(4)_______________________ (我没必要穿上我最好的套装) to go to the party;
most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.
汉译英练习(二)参考答案
Ⅳ、虚拟语气
(1) would have survived
(2) warned you, you could have been killed
(3) I were you
(4) lived there for a while, you would change your mind about that place
(5) had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now
(6) you couldn’t be smiling like this now
(7) you would do the same
(8) this act would have been passed much earlier
(9) the existence of the human race would be in jeopardy
(10) I could not have rent a house at such a low price
(11) otherwise she would have replied to me last week
(12) I could pass the CET-4
(13) had followed your advice
(14) were living in a different time and space
(15) he had studied business instead of history when he was in university
(16) you came tomorrow
(17) as if/though he were the boss
(18) were done to solve the problem of traffic jam
(19) we (should) hand in our research report
(20) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now
(21) The mid-term exam (should) de cancelled
(22) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining
(23) these children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education
(24) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency
(25) he should deceive that poor little girl
(26) lest he should awaken the baby
(27) in case it should rain
Ⅴ、情态动词
(1) might feel lonely when they are away from home
(2) She can’t be at home
(3) You must have dreamed of something terrible
(4) I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party