报关水平测试常用外贸术语
报关水平测试外贸术语：贸易术语
F组： 买家负责运费，风险以买方所在国交货划分
FOB: Free On Board
卖家：港口交货，出口清关，提供商业发票、装船提单，承担港口装船交货前风险。
买家：支付货款，进口清关，托运并通知卖家，决定购买保险与否，接受单据收取货物，承担出口国港口装船交货后风险
出口美国应注意FOB Vessel才需要由卖方负责出口清关手续
FCA: Free Carrier 货交承运人，其实就是FOB的扩展，适用于任何运输方式。
卖方可协助安排运输，但费用和风险由买方负责
FAS: Free Along Ship，近似FOB，风险交接点变成船边码头或驳船靠边，而不是船舷
C组： 卖家负责运费，风险以买方所在国交货划分
CFR: Cost and Freight
卖家：港口交货，出口清关，托运并及时充分地通知买家(sufficient notice)，以便买家办理保险，提供装船提单、商业发票，承担港口装船交货前风险
买家：支付货款，进口清关，决定购买保险与否，接受单据收取货物，承担出口国港口装船交货后风险
CPT: Carriage paid to 运费付至，CFR的扩展，卖家负责托运
CIF: Cost, insurance and Freight
卖家：港口交货，出口清关，托运并办理保险，提供装船提单、商业发票、保险单，承担港口装船交货前风险
买家：支付货款，进口清关，接受单据收取货物，承担出口国港口装船交货后风险
CIP: Carriage and Freight Paid to 运费、保险付至，CIF扩展，卖家负责托运和投保
D组： 卖家所在国交货，卖方负责运费，风险以卖方所在国交货划分
DAF: Delivered At Frontier，边境交货，买方负责托运和投保，承担货物交接后风险
DES: Delivered Ex Ship，目的港船上交货，卖方负责到达目的港前一切费用和风险，
卖方负责进口清关，也叫EXS
DEQ: Delivered Ex Quay，DES变型，目的港码头交货
卖方负责码头上交货前一切费用和风险，也叫EXQ
DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid，未完税交货，DEQ的扩展，适合任何运输方式
DDP: Delivered Duty Paid，完税交货，卖家负责进出口清关，交货前一切费用和风险，
卖方义务最多maximum obligation
二、佣金和折扣的计算
Price including commission US$335 per metric ton CIF New York including 2% commission
US $ 300 per metric ton CIFC2% New York 每公吨335美元CIF2%纽约
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai less 2% discount 每公吨FOB上海减折扣2%
US $ 300 per metric ton FOB Shanghai net 每公吨300美元FOB 上海净价
货物交付
一、关键概念
Time of delivery 交货时间 F和C组术语条件下，两者是一致的;
Time of shipment 装运时间 由于推定交货和实际交货的区别，两者最好还是区别使用
Constructive Delivery 推定交货
Actual Delivery 实际交货
Port of Shipment 装运港，可一个或多个，具名或只注范围，如China Port
Port of Destination 目的港，对卖方而言，最好比较确定、可行
Partial Shipment 分批装运分批装运 shipment by instalments
Transshipment 转运
二、装运条款
Shipment during Oct. /Nov. 2009 with partial shipments and transshipments allowedShipment at or before/ no later than the end of June
Shipment: one 40’ container from China port to New York, USA on or before Apr. 20th
Shipment within 60 days after receipt of L/C这种条款一般同时也需要规定L/C到达期限
The Buyers must open the relevant L/C to reach the Sellers before June 20th
During Mar./Apr. in two equal lots/shipments, transshipment is prohibited
Shipment during May from Shanghai to London. The sellers shall advise the Buyers 45 days before the month of shipment of the time the goods be ready for shipment. Partial shipment is prohibited, to be transshipped at Hong Kong
报关水平测试外贸术语：物流行业
Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) 注册(容积)总吨
Net Registered Tonnage (NRT) 注册(容积)净吨
Deadweight Tonnage (All Told) (DWT or D.W.A.T) 总载重吨位(量)
Gross Dead Weight Tonnage 总载重吨位
Dead Weight Cargo Tonnage (DWCT) 净载重吨
Light Displacement 轻排水量
Load (Loaded)Displacement 满载排水量
Actual Displacement 实际排水量
Over weight surcharge 超重附加费
Bunker Adjustment Factor (Surcharge) (BAS or BS) 燃油附加费
Port Surcharge 港口 附加费
Port Congestion Surcharge 港口 拥挤附加费
Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF) 货币贬值附加费
Deviation surcharge 绕航附加费
Direct Additional 直航附加费
Additional for Optional Destination 选卸港附加费
Additional for Alteration of Destination 变更卸货港附加费
Fumigation Charge 熏蒸费
Bill of Lading 提单
On Board (Shipped) B/L 已装船提单
Received for shipment B/L 备运(收妥待运)提单
Named B/L 记名提单
Bearer B/L 不记名提单
Order B/L 指示提单
Blank Endorsement 空白备书
Clean B/L 清洁提单
In apparent good order and condition 外表状况良好
Unclean ( Foul, Dirty) B/L 不清洁提单
Direct B/L 直航提单
Transshipment B/L 转船提单
Through B/L 联运提单
报关水平测试外贸术语：物流船务
(1) FCA (Free Carrier) 货交 承运人
(2) FAS (Free Alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货
(3) FOB (Free on Board) 装运港船上交货
(4) CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费
(5) CIF (Cost,Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费
(6) CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至目的地
(7) CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To) 运费、保险费付至目的地
(8) DAF (Delivered At Frontier) 边境交货
(9) DES (Delivered Ex Ship) 目的港船上交货
(10) DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港 码头 交货
(11) DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid) 未完税交货
(12) DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货
主要船务 术语 简写：
(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用(广东省收取)
(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头 操作费(香港收取)
(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费
(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费
(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费
(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费
(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费
(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费
(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口 拥挤附加费
(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费
(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费
(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单
(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单
(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运 单据
(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证
(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证
(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同
(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书
(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)
(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)
(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费
(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱 (货柜)堆场
(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货
(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱 货( 散货 )
(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱 货运站
(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)
(27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船 承运人
报关水平测试外贸术语：外贸航运
RYT WITH REFERENCE TO YOUR TELEX 参阅贵方电传
SB SAFE BERTH 安全泊位
S?C? SALVAGE CHARGES 救助费用
S.D. SHORT DELIVERY 短卸
SEC SECOND 秒
SF SAFE FACTOR 安全系数
S/F STOWAGE FACTOR 积载因素
SHEX SUNDAYS， HOLLDAYS EXCEPTED 星期日和节假日除外
SHINC SUNDAYS， HOLIDAYS INCLUDED 星期日和节假日包括在内
SHPR SHIPPER 托运人，发货人
SINOCHART CHINA NATIONAL CHARTERING CORPORATION 中国租船公司
SINO-TRANS CHINA NATIONAL FOREIGN TRADE TRANSPORTATION CORPORATION 中国对外贸易运输总公司 S.L. SALVAGE LOSS 救助损失
S/L.C. SUE AND LABOUR CLAUSE 损害防止条款
S/N SHIPPING NOTE 装船通知单
SNP SALES AND PURCHASE 销售买卖部
S/O SHIPPING ORDER 装货单，关单，下货纸
S.O. SENIOR OFFICER 高级船员
SOONEST AS SOON AS POSSLBLE 尽决，尽速
S.O.L SHIPOWNER'S LIABILITY 船舶所有人的责任义务
SOS SAVE OUR SHIP，A MESSAGE FOR HELP (船舶遇难)呼救信号，救命
SP SPRING TIDE 大潮
SP SAFE PORT 安全港
S/P STOWAGE PLAN，CARGO PLAN 货物积载图，船图
S.R.D. STEAMER PAYS DUES 船方负担税金
SPEC. SPECIFICATIONS 规格，说明书
SPSB SAFE PORT AND SAFE BERTH 安全港口，安全泊位
SR SIGN AND RELEASE 签发和放行
SRCC STRIKE , RIOTS AND CIVIL COMMOTION 罢工，暴乱，内哄(险)
SS STEAM SHIP 蒸汽机船
S.S. SUEZ SURCHARGE 苏伊士运河附加费
S/T SHORT TON 短吨(约等于0.907公吨)
SUBS SUBSTITUTE 代替
SURCH SURCHARGE 附加费
S/W SHIPPER'S WEIGHTS 发货人提供的重量
SWAD SALT WATER ARRIVAL DRAFT 抵港海水吃水
SWDFT SALT WATER DRAFT 海(咸)水吃水
T/A TRANSHIPMENT ADDITIONAL 转船附加费
TB TO BE 将要
TBN TO BE NOMINATED 待派船，待指定
TC TYPE CRANES 单杆吊(船舶呆杆类型)
T/C TIME CHARTER 期租
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